
It's true. Every day, in web departments and web design firms across America (and probably the world), a common and ugly refrain is repeated"
Our users are stupid.
They won't get it.
Project managers and developers describe their own users as below average
, behind the curve
and not savvy.
It's disgusting. No other mainstream industry would dream of holding its clients and customers in such low regard.
"Only two industries refer to their customers as 'users': computer design and drug dealing." — Edward Tufte
But here's the thing. If almost everyone is on the web — and according to the Pew Internet & American Life Project, 73% of Americans are internet users — then either almost everyone is stupid, or the developers and web project managers are.
In other words, users – for want of a better term – could be anybody. Your mom. My Mom. Jack Kevorkian. Charles Barkley. That guy down the street who walks his dog all the time. Anybody.
Many of these people have advanced degrees and Mensa memberships. Some really are stupid. The point is, users are everyone and anyone. They are our friends, our peers, they're us.
They're you and me, and almost everyone we know.
Which means some web professional somewhere thinks you're dumb. They think I'm dumb. They think everyone who comes to their site is dumb. Too dumb to "get it".
User: n. The word computer professionals use when they mean "idiot." — Dave Barry
You are a web site user. Are you an idiot?
Web professionals mix a coctail of arrogance, ignorance, elitism and laziness so they can do as little as possible, all in the name of protecting the user from their own stupidity. The whole insidious mindset belittles web users, and the web itself.
Well listen up, web developers: It's not the user. It's you.
Don Norman, author of "Design of Everyday Things" and the less blustery founder of the Nielsen Norman Group, has been arguing that it's not the user that's stupid since before the web even existed. He suggests:
Terms to beware of:
fool-proof or idiot-proof (oh, you mean you think your customers are fools or idiots?); user-friendly (which usually means to hold users by the hand and force them to do things one step at a time, in prescribed order, whether they like it or not); and intuitive (which in actuality means so automatic it is not conscious, but those who use the term forget that almost everything we call intuitive, such as walking or using a pencil took years of practice.
His partner, Jakob Nielsen, puts a more business-oriented spin on it:
When people have problems using a design, it's not because they are stupid. It's because the design is too difficult. What percentage of your prospects will you turn away because they are not smart enough to use your website? Maybe 10% of your potential customers? Or perhaps 20%? That's a lot of dollars lost to an elitist attitude.
The basic "stupid user" mindset needs to change. Even among the more forward thinking developers — the ones who read and parrot back Nielsen, Norman and Tufte.
Forget user-centered design. How about creating People Centered Design? And instead of waxing poetically about user experience, how about focusing on Human Experience?
The oft-repeated mantra of "Keep it Simple, Stupid" is wrong. It's not about simplicity above all.
Make everything as simple as possible, but not simpler. — Albert Einstein
Simple is good, but not as good as clarity, usability, respect and friendliness. Don't be obtuse, and don't be a jerk. And stop thinking I am an idiot, along with every other "user".
Your visitors aren't junkies. They're not just statistics in your log files. They're not anonymous apparitions wandering through your server space. They're thinking, feeling people, and they've done you a great favor by granting you a bit of their time (and maybe their money).
Show them a little respect.
Originally Posted on The Bitter PIll.
Bingo! Amen! It's amazing how simple this idea is yet how difficult it seems for many to understand.
I'm a web developer. We've been working on a suite of tools called Cingo * which we think might help organize people's lives. I've never seen anyone insinuate that a user would be "stupid" or an "idiot" but I can definitely attest to this -- developers make for poor usability testers.
Think about that for a moment. There's even a movie about it right now -- Firewall.
Who knows better how a system works than the people that built it? As developers we must constantly question "will our users understand this interface," not because we think we're so much smarter than they are, but because we are prone to developing tools that make perfect sense to no one but ourselves.
Interface development is about creating a metaphor for interaction with a data-structure. It's about boiling down a hideously complex system of logical switches into something that "just works."
The difference between a good website and a bad website/program/interface is the number of times you need to click on "help." If I did my job well everything should be intuitive, obvious, and clear at a glance. If I didn't then you'll have to read the documentation, check the FAQ, and work out how everything functions.
If we can develop an interface that the most technologically challenged individuals can use and yet not sacrifice functionality and power then the technical cognoscenti should find it delightfully intuitive.
To put it another way -- perhaps the iPod is so successful because no one ever reads the instruction manual.
* Cingo is free. I wouldn't have linked it if it wasn't. If you and everyone you know sign up for accounts it won't affect my company's bottom line at all. I also think you can get a better idea of where I'm coming from with regard to interface design by looking at something I'm working on.
Cingo is very cool. Nice work. Tabs are always a very usable way to go.
Have fun writing that in PHP unless you've got a kick-ass framework to help.
A comment 6 months later? Living under a rock? :)
I was going to say that, but what the hell, why not?
I just found this article. I never took Newsvine very seriously until a couple days ago when I decided to check it out some more.
There's some new stuff too. :)
Absolutely! This is one thing that I think Newsvine has got down - it's simple and easy to use, but not simplistic. I'm a new, er, user, but so far I've been very impressed with the feature set.
I agree with showing them a bit of respect, especially if they buy something from you but they are still idiots.
I totally disagree.
Every single business wants to appeal to the largest demographic it possibly can. Why develop a product only for people who what TV show x when you can develop a product for people who watch TV. It is just common sense.
If a "user" is not smart enough (And believe me, there are millions of dumb people on the internet) to understand your product, then that is a potential sale gone. Sure, it'd be nice for every product to be custom fitted to you. But it'd only be nice for you. One person. These type of decisions are ones that can be made subconciously by most people.
Most products assume that you are an idiot because that if you aren't an idiot, you won't mind that much having to press an extra button or two. And for the idiot out there, it is great feature. It helps them and teaches them about the product.
Sure, it'd be nice if every person had enough time to educate themselves about everything about the internet but some of the most important (richest in this case) people are the ones who don't have the time to figure things out by themselves. One website should be good enough for one task.
Basically, you should look at this from the idiot's point of view. A lack of information is infinitely times worse than too much.
I'm with you. I work on a Helpdesk and deal with Average Joe-Public every day.
People are idiots. Period.
I also think one distinction worth making is between the use of the word idiot in the usual sense and idiot as in, "a person who doesn't know how to use the web/technology at a certain level". When I discuss the web and web design with other developers we often end up axing ideas simply because they wouldn't be understood by our audience, even if they are intuitive to us, and in such a situation we might (wrongly, I suppose) say "Oh those idiot users", but it is important to note that the way I use the internet and my expectations from a web site are not the same as my mother's.
I might for example look at Newsvine's navigation and instantly be comfortable; I would understand the sidebar, the tags, etc. My mother on the other hand (who is a professor so by no means an idiot) would most likely fumble about. She would understand the top most navigation to get from Science to Politics, but that's about it. In that way she really is like an idiot, and that is how I believe web designers throw the term around.
a Bigger problem is under estimating the stupidty of web surfers.. techies tend to forget what it was like to think AOL is a cool idea.
That's where you're wrong; cool people were never on AOL.
@Robert Bell:
Now listen here, Sonny, years ago almost all of the cool people were using AOL. That's how kids got on the Internet unless they had CompuServ or Prodigy (which weren't all that cool either.)
I was on the Internet years before AOL offered access to it, and I didn't use CompuServe or Prodigy either. They used to have these little local things called ISP's. Now they're all owned by just a couple companies, but back in the day (1994?) you could choose from a few local guys who hooked you up to the Internet through dial-up or ISDN. And no, I've NEVER had an AOL account... On the other hand, I'm not one of the "cool people" either...
akj: sorry but you're wrong. look it up.
Although well written, this article is fluff. It's well understood in the developer community that calling users stupid is a hyperbolic way of saying that they don't navigate the web as intuitively. You spend your entire article trying to cast developers as stereotypical, all the while stereotyping the developers yourself.
If the fact that web designers think you're stupid keeps you up at night, lowers your self-esteem, or bothers you an any way, there's some sort of problem with your psyche.
I don't care if web developers think I'm slow and ugly. If it keeps them on track in creating usable designs, good for them. I'm a web developer. A lot of people think all web developers are geeky computer nerds. Should that bother me? Not at all, and it doesn't.
Amen.
You hit the nail on the head.
Agree-a-mundo!
Tim, I run a design and usability consultancy and have been in this business for over 15 years. You might be surprised at the kinds of things I've witnessed during testing and research. It's really less about users being stupid and more about developers not having the same mindset of the person using the application or service. There's a disconnect. The consumer/user (whatever you want to call them) simply doesn't think like the developer, typically. And hence the problem.
Companies try the support and training model, but that's broken and costly. If applications were designed based on the customers' current behaviors, users wouldn't be stupid, developers would be smarter and companies would save a great deal of money on training and support.
BTW, one of the best ways to tackle this problem is through good customer research and the development and use of personas throughout the design process.
Ugh. I'm not gunna waste my time. But frankly this is a stupid, pointless, fluffy, soapbox argument.
People are stupid. Deal with it.
People make stupid decisions everyday in driving, TV, what we eat. The internet is no different!
I don't think he missed the point at all. Most people really are stupid.
And no I didn't miss the point. I am a freelance designer and photographer and yes people are stupid. You have no idea how much of my time is spent explaining normal non-technical information and services to people.
Think about it.
Millions of people drive cars but only a small % know how to do more than change the oil. Millions of people use computers and the internet. That does NOT make them smart!
As I said before you have a pointless, fluffed up article.
People are dumb. Get used to it.
While I agree wholeheartedly with your post, I feel the need to mention that, as a project manager, I use phrases such as "idiot-proof" now and then and I have a particularly easy to confuse user in mind: myself!
I've never been good with UIs, so, yes, I'll admit: there are people who are "dumb" in that sense, and believe me it is quite frustrating to be confused by what seems moderately usable by most.
I believe that, because of this "infirmity", I tend to come up with "user-friendly" designs that the most "idiotic" users can survive: if I can, they can!
Stupidity keeps the economy going.
It's certainly worked for Bush so far... /zing :)
I would assume my users were lazy before I'd assume they were stupid. That's why I build a step by step system for, let's say, configuring a web backend. I'm not assuming my "users" are stupid, but I do assume they don't want to spend hours learning what very technical terms or phrases mean, or configuring the software by hand - and if they're purchasing my product, they shouldn't have to.
So basically - Stupid = no, lazy = yes. I'm lazy when I'm using software, and I expect my users to put in the same amount of effort I would.
Tim,
I still wish I had a better word than "users" though.
The instructional design world is big on "participants" when referring to folks interacting with e-learning environments.
I have also heard the word consumer bandied about for news sites and information sites. (I can easily see us as participants in the Newsvine community as opposed to consumers.)
I usually start with "audience" and refine toward something more accurate depending what I am creating. There may not be a single word for such a variety of experiences.
The big thing that I have seen developers (web/application/system) tend to fail to do is research their target audience and how that target audience will interact with the finished product. This is as much a product of their formal training (read-lack of training on audience research) , looming deadlines, and tool mindset as any introversion.
I am in complete agreement with Todd Warfel's assessment of researching the audience and using personas as part of the development process. I am also a big fan of audience testing - paper, beta, etc. You would be surprised at the results that three to five people with the same role in a system can help developers identify in the way of usability.
As a developer myself, and as someone who has been designing consumer-oriented software for over a decade, I'm slightly offended by your opinion piece. Blanket generalizations make for weak arguments. Setting my personal feelings aside, however...
Good design with regard to usability takes an incredible amount of time, money, and effort. It takes a thorough knowledge of--and constant communication with--your customers (my preference over 'users'). It also takes a humility to understand that you, the designer, are not a typical customer, and you must make an effort to step outside your comfort zone to see your design through their eyes. Products and sites that hit the mark have taken a great deal of care to grind and grind and grind the experience until it shines like a mirror. (Props to Newsvine on this front, by the way).
That said, I can say from experience that, despite all of that, it is incredibly frustrating to receive an email simply saying "I CAN'T LOG IN." Forget the fancy features. Forget the bells and whistles. I find that about 5% of our customers (more or less, depending on the type of site we've built) have profound trouble with the fundamental metaphors which we take for granted. Things as basic and ubiquitous as logins, password management, and basic navigation continually trip some people up. There are days when you just want to pull out your hair when you realize that someone just burned an hour of your time chasing a phantom bug in your design only to realize that they had CAPS LOCK on the whole time.
My personal belief that the mantra that 'users are stupid' is born from this frustration. Nothing more.
The older i get the less i want to sit and figure out fancy flash sites.... oh i have to click on this bullet to get in.. people are stupid and lazy and most likely their password is either password or the cute letmein
I don't create a design with "idiots" in mind. I just try to create a simple design that doesn't require problem solving skills to navigate. That said I do get a lot of "stupid" calls from shoppers, but thats the breaks with internet retail. Good Article Mate.
I am not a developer but I am the local geek that my friends call when they can't figure something out. I have given answers ranging from 'plug it in', 'refresh the page' or even 'did you finish reading the instructions' to 'gosh, that really is a bit more complicated than it needs to be - let me walk you through it'.
It's true that what is intuitive to me may not even be in the awareness of another person. Howver, what really bothers me is that some software companies seem to believe it profitable to keep their customers in a state of ignorance. This may not happen as much on the internet but I see it over and over again in the operating system everyone loves to hate. In my opinion 'wizards' simply add another layer of crap between the user and her understanding of what is happening. They keep us stupid by not trusting us to understand simple concepts.
Finally, I think that when it comes to internet use, we have reached a point where there should be some minimum expectation of comprehension. It is time for people to know the difference between their browser and the internet (thank-you aol), that they don't need to remember the entire string of letters for a website (ie: you can find that at h-t-t-p-colon-those slashy thingies-w-w-w-dot-see-en-en-dot-com) or that you can delete all of the preloaded advertisorial bookmarks -- for starters anyway. People should also know about the social dimension of the internet including the behavioral norms that are being established (don't type in all caps, no flame bait). These places are not simply the realm of geeks anymore but as the general public arrives in ever increasing numbers, they could stand to learn a bit about how to participate.
Anyway, I am not sure if I am being clear. My response to this article is that yes, a lot of people are stupid about their computers but unless we raise our expectations we can only expect them to stay that way. I don't think that web-developers are malicious, only frustrated.
/advocating for a higher standard!
i think the author doesn't know the difference between something that is stupid, and something that is easy to use. reading this article, one could make the case that the UI for the iPod is for stupid people because it doesn't have the ten thousand different buttons and "features" that other MP3 players have.
To me it seems to be the people who are running Windows 98 and if asked have no clue what a cookie is.
The majority are idiots, hands down, but it's pretty easy to tell who the idiots are.
Web developers are concerned about the usability of their applications and following user interface conventions that our customers have been conditioned to use is a common approach. Web developers aren't @!$%#s, they're just trying to design an intuitive interface that everyone can use.
I disagree because frankly it is the user most of the time. Of course sometimes as a web developer and especially for programming, you build something which makes total sense to you but you find out it doesn't make too much sense for others.
But a lot of time it is just small stuff that gets annoying. For example with my CMS on the website there is a support area, commen sense would tell you to first search in the forums and look through the support area but instead they just ask away without looking. Also on the frontpage it says it is a free script as well as a hundred other areas (including a download link...) yet they ask if it costs or not.
Just very frusrtating at times and I think you do have to make web stuff, at times, overly simple just to ensure that people do not get confused. Trying to make something usable for any type of users is incredibly tough as well, so far I haven't been able to do that super well.
At some point you just have to decide you can't help those who can't (or won't) help themselves. As Tim points out with his 3 examples of bad design above. Designing for this customer tends to ruin the experience for the others. You just have to take a deep breath, be polite and gently guide them along through e-mails & support calls.
It's not that users are stupid, it's just that many are computer illiterate. For example, many do not understand:
These are just a few examples. The problem doesn't just lie with web developers, but in the entire IT industry. If the entire user interface is flawed to begin with, the user is at a disadvantage before even opening the browser.
Those of us who work in the industry take certain skills for granted -- just like an author is taught to assume the reader knows nothing about a given topic when writing, we in the web design industry should assume our users are not computer geeks. So, to a certain extent, we must design to the lowest common denominator so as to leave as few users behind as possible.
So, I think this is an important topic that deserves continued attention and discussion. That being said, however, my objection to this piece is that the tone seems deliberately provocative -- the main purpose here seems to be "Let's p*ss everyone off and get everyone arguing (and generate page views)." Had this piece been written in a more positive tone, I think it would have been more constructive and conducive to a frank exchange of ideas and opinions.
Just my .02.
I almost got up and clapped. Great post.
and 4 days later...... they are still idiots :-D
I think the problem with this article, is you possibly wrote your title first. Your title is the lead in for the first paragraph and as such presents a hard to defend argument. The truth is, while there maybe a number of web developers who do think their client's users are stupid; there is also a large number who don't. It's just not a well defendable position. For every time you say the unknown mass of web developers you work with call "users" stupid or idiotic; I can point to web site after website of leaders in the industry that state differently.
I can change the focus of your article, by making a simple title change to—The Myth of the Stupid User: Why Simplicity Doesn't Work. With the change in focus, you could easily prove your two primary premises: (1) Users aren't stupid; and (2) Web development isn't simply about simplicity.
I'm a web user, and I do something stupid at least a few times a week. I'm fine is some random web developer calls me stupid. Maybe I was, or maybe their design was impossible to navigate. Some designs require that you have insights into the developers mind, and its not a pretty place to be.
I'm a web developer and I'll say most of my site designs have at least one point/place where I fail the user. It's typically caused by my not knowing the user well enough. I've stopped trusting that my client knows their users. They rarely do, and getting insight about what the user wants from them is almost pointless. It's of course, good to know what the client wants for their users to experience; it just rarely meshes with what the individual wants from their user experience. I do my own research, I do my own studies, and combine that with my own perspectives as a potential user; and use that as a starting point. But I trust, that their will always be someone that I fail, my goal is to make it as few as possible, and to make the failures forgivable.
Web design is a complicated business. You have to learn and maintain a wealth of knowledge on a every growing list of skills: HTML, XHTML, XML, CSS, PHP, ASP, .NET, Javascript, MySQL, Postgres, sIFR, AJAX, and the list keeps growing. But on top of that you have to weather your clients moods and idiosyncrasies—which may or may not include consider their customers/users stupid; to understanding psychology, interface design, and a host of other influences.
People are amazing, because we differ from each other in such minute ways. There's no need, yet, for a rallying cry of web users to mob designers everywhere, requesting that they do better. But there is a need for developers to grow more knowledgeable about the audience they are developing for; as well as users to grow more knowledgeable about using the services they request/want.
A mixture of the points you did make, specifically in your comment #17; can frequently be attributed back to the client, not the developer. I can't say when the last time I've heard a "real" developer state that opening new windows for links was a good idea. Let's face it most of us designers are web users as well, and we know the stuff we hate.
Besides, some of my more significant design failures have been caused by giving a client or website user simply what they requested.
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